Explain the chemical properties of hydrogen.

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(N/A) The chemical behaviour of dihydrogen is determined,to a large extent,by its bond dissociation enthalpy.
The $H-H$ bond dissociation enthalpy is the highest for a single bond between two atoms of any element.
The dissociation of dihydrogen into its atoms is only $0.081 \%$ at $2000 \ K$,which increases to $95.5 \%$ at $5000 \ K$.
It is relatively inert at room temperature due to the high $H-H$ bond enthalpy. Thus,atomic hydrogen is produced at high temperatures in an electric arc or under ultraviolet radiations.
Since its orbital is incomplete with $1s^1$ electronic configuration,it combines with almost all elements.
It accomplishes reactions by $(i)$ loss of the only electron to give $H^+$,$(ii)$ gain of an electron to form $H^-$,and $(iii)$ sharing electrons to form a single covalent bond.
Reaction with halogens: It reacts with halogens $(X_2)$ to give hydrogen halides $(HX)$: $H_{2(g)} + X_{2(g)} \longrightarrow 2HX_{(g)}$ (where $X = F, Cl, Br, I$). While the reaction with fluorine occurs even in the dark,with iodine it requires a catalyst.
Reaction with dioxygen: It reacts with dioxygen to form water. The reaction is highly exothermic: $2H_{2(g)} + O_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{\text{Catalyst or Heat}} 2H_2O_{(l)}$,$\Delta H^{\ominus} = -285.9 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$.
Reaction with dinitrogen: With dinitrogen,it forms ammonia: $3H_{2(g)} + N_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{673 \ K, 200 \ atm, Fe} 2NH_{3(g)}$,$\Delta H^{\ominus} = -92.6 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$. This is the method for the manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process.

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Similar Questions

Which block elements form the interstitial hydrides compound?

Which of the following statements are $NOT$ correct?
$A$. Hydrogen is used to reduce heavy metal oxides to metals.
$B$. Heavy water is used to study reaction mechanism.
$C$. Hydrogen is used to make saturated fats from oils.
$D$. The $H-H$ bond dissociation enthalpy is lowest as compared to a single bond between two atoms of any elements.
$E$. Hydrogen reduces oxides of metals that are more active than iron.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Identify the catalyst used in the reaction: $CO_2 + 2H_2 \xrightarrow{?} CH_3OH$

Which of the following substances will absorb oxygen rapidly?

What is $X$ in the following reaction?
$CO + 2 H_2 \xrightarrow{X} CH_3 OH$

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